EARTH_CRUST_USGS_GLORIA eng utf8 dataset GCMD originator CEOS IDN DIF VERSION 9.7 USGS Seafloor Side-Scan Sonar Imagery of the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), Surveyed Using GLORIA U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) GLORIA Mapping Program publication USGS/GD/MENLO PARK originator Costal and Marine Geology Program, USGS, DOI publisher In March 1983, President Reagan signed a proclamation establishing an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extending the 200 nautical mile from the coasts of the United States, Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. territories and possessions. In 1984, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a program to map these areas of the EEZ To accomplish the mapping of the deepwater portion (depths greater than 400m) of this area, the USGS selected the long-range sidescan sonar system GLORIA (Geological LOng-Range Inclined Asdic). At that time the GLORIA system was owned and operated by British colleagues at the United Kingdom's Institute of Oceanographic Sciences (IOS), now the Southampton Oceanography Centre, Challenger Division. The GLORIA system was developed specifically to map the morphology and texture of seafloor features in the deep ocean. The GLORIA system is a digital sidescan sonar system capable of producing digital image maps of the seafloor from reflected sound waves. The sidescan sonar system was used aboard the research vessel R/V FARNELLA and is shown with the GLORIA fish mounted on the stern of the ship. GLORIA creates images (sonographs) that are a record of the acoustic backscatter from the ocean floor. These images are created by transmitting a series of sound pulses and recording their echoes from the sea floor as the collecting ship moves along a set course. The sound source and receivers are built into a "fish" that is towed about 200 meters behind a ship. This electronic mapping system emits a signal (pulse) every 30 seconds. The pulse travels through the ocean to the bottom where it is partly absorbed and partly reflected by the seafloor. The returned signal is then recorded by shipboard computers. In general, the returned signal is recorded in a range of 0-255 with strong returns recorded as higher values and weak returns recorded as lower values. The darkness or brightness of a feature or an area on the sonographs and completed mosaics is therefore a function of how much sound is reflected from the seafloor. The USGS selected sidescan sonar as the mapping tool because it could be used to obtain information on geologic processes. The intensity of the back-scattered sound from the seafloor is a function of the gradient or slope of the seafloor, of the surface roughness, and of the sediment characteristics such as texture. Another advantage to the GLORIA system was because the system provides information from a swath of seafloor, large areas could be mapped quickly. More detailed information and specifications of the GLORIA-II system is available from Somers and others (1978). The GLORIA imagery provides the first broad-scale view of sea-floor features and the effects of sedimentary processes that have been unknown or poorly known until recently. These data are a unique set of basic information that will support many future studies by government, academic, and industry workers. The recorded digital data are processed and used to construct digital maps of the seafloor such as the one shown (Gulf of Mexico mosaic #13). Seafloor variation is depicted by the light and dark areas representing the high and low returned signal values, and can be interpreted by a geologist. http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/index.html completed COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY PROGRAM, USGS WHSC DOI/USGS/CMG/WHSC/MS/GLORIA > GLORIA Mapping Program, Map Server, Woods Hole Science Center, Coastal and Marine Geology, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior DATA CENTER CONTACT (508) 548-8700 (508) 457-2310 U.S. Geological Survey 384 Woods Hole Road Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/ resourceProvider EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > CONTINENTAL MARGINS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > CONTINENTAL MARGINS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS > SEDIMENTATION EARTH SCIENCE > SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING > RADAR > RADAR IMAGERY NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Science Keywords 2008-02-05 revision Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 AEDD ALASKA ARCTIC BATHYMETRY CALIFORNIA CARTOGRAPHY COAST COASTAL ZONE CONTINENTAL SHELF CRUISE EAST COAST EEZ EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE GEOLOGY GLORIA GREAT LAKES GULF COAST GULF OF MEXICO HAWAII MAPS/CHARTS MARINE MARINE GEOLOGY OCEAN OREGON PACIFIC OCEAN SEA FLOOR SONAR USGS WASHINGTON WEST COAST GLORIA > Geological Long-Range Inclined ASDIC SIDE-SCAN SONAR SONAR > Sound Navigation and Ranging NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Instruments 2009-06-10 revision Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 SHIPS NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Platforms 2009-06-10 revision Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 GOMODP > Gulf of Maine Ocean Data Partnership NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Projects 2009-06-10 revision Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 USA/USGS CEOS ARCTIC NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords IDN Nodes 2007-04-01 revision Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN GEOGRAPHIC REGION > MID-LATITUDE CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > ALASKA VERTICAL LOCATION > SEA FLOOR OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN > MICRONESIA > NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF MEXICO OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > CARIBBEAN SEA GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 revision Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 eng utf8 oceans elevation geoscientificInformation imageryBaseMapsEarthCover -125.0 -66.0 25.0 50.0 NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 GEOGRAPHIC REGION > MID-LATITUDE NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > ALASKA NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 VERTICAL LOCATION > SEA FLOOR NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN > MICRONESIA > NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF MEXICO NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > CARIBBEAN SEA NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords Locations 2009-12-22 Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Meaux, C.Solomon, R. Bilodeau, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, 2007 . NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 6.0.0.0.0 GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR 1984-01-01 For a list of GLORIA references, see: http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/pubsrefs.html COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY PROGRAM, USGS WHSC DOI/USGS/CMG/WHSC/MS/GLORIA > GLORIA Mapping Program, Map Server, Woods Hole Science Center, Coastal and Marine Geology, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior DATA CENTER CONTACT (508) 548-8700 (508) 457-2310 U.S. Geological Survey 384 Woods Hole Road Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/ distributor none http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/index.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link VIEW RELATED INFORMATION Access to additional information about the GLORIA mapping program and access to online GLORIA mosiacs http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/eastcst/index.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link VIEW RELATED INFORMATION East coast GLORIA information and data http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/gomex/index.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link VIEW RELATED INFORMATION Gulf of Mexico GLORIA information and data http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/gloria/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link VIEW RELATED INFORMATION West coast GLORIA information and data http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/index.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Data Set Citation U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) GLORIA Mapping Program dataset This metadata record is publicly available. asNeeded